TONY KUSHNERTony Kushner was born in New York City, Manhattan, New York in 1956. He was raised in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Both of his parents were musicians, and they encouraged him to follow his dreams seeing that he took interest in theatre at a young age. He's Jewish and practices the gay lif...

The bold and stirring short story, "Snow", was written with deceptive intensity and a sincere tenacity that grabs you immediately. It tells the story of ten year old Yolanda, a little immigrant New York girl, new to the city and to America in general. Author Julia Alvarez, captures with ...

Communism has failed in Europe because of its lack of care for the individual, its corrupt leaders and also because it went against human nature. Two novels that demonstrate this statement are the semi-autobiographical We the Living by Ayn Rand, and Julian Barnes' The Porcupine. According to Ayn...

The Black Hundred was an extreme right wing party which emerged at the turn of the twentieth century in Russia. Favoring tsarism and autocracy instead of a parliamentary government, the Black Hundred were the perpetrators of many Jewish pogroms in Russian cities such as Odessa, Kiev, Yekaterinoslav...

In an age where the United States is clearly the lone superpower, it is difficult to imagine a time when our nation was afraid to go to war with another nation. The Cold War was a long time period spanning decades and several presidencies when hostilities between Russia and the United States were he...

Almost 3 million Jews of Eastern European and Russian decent settled in New York City's Lower East side between 1890 and 1910. The primary reason for this large migration in such numbers was to escape the harsh persecution of the Russian government. During this time of mass European migration...

Cuban Missile Crisis When given the opportunity to write a research paper on any conflict or battle during recent American History, one has a number of options: World War Two, the War in Vietnam, and the Korean conflict to name but a few. However, I have chosen a brief period of two weeks d...

"She has a lot of chutzpah to talk like that!" Chutzpah is Yiddish for nerve. Yiddish came about between the ninth and twelfth centuries in southwestern Germany as an alteration of Middle High German dialects to the special needs of Jews. To the original German were added those Hebrew w...

Margaret Bourke- White Kelly Van Sickle Margaret Bourke- White never thought she would be a famous photographer. In 1921, when Margaret was 17, she went to college to study herpetology, or the study of snakes and reptiles. That same year her father died leaving her family with little...

Margaret Bourke-White never thought that she would become a famous photographer. In 1921, when Margaret was 17, she went to college to study herpetology (the study of snakes and reptiles). That same year her father died leaving her family with little money. To stay in college Margaret got a job taki...

Key Areas of Concern: The recently released 9/11 Commission Report outlined forty-one specific recommendations necessary to protect the United States from threats to the safety and welfare of American citizens in the twenty first century. President Bush responded by announcing...

According to a survey performed for the Defense Department in 1996, it was found that the majority of U.S. citizens believe that the government withholds too much information by classifying it as a secret. In this book, "Secrecy: The American Experience", Senator Daniel P. Moynihan rei...

United States and Russian Relations have always been up and down. For fifty years the United States was locked in a cold war struggle with Communist nation of the Soviet Union. The American people feared Communism. The U.S. government responded by spending trillions of dollars on weapons specific...

Moscow On The HudsonThe film, Moscow On The Hudson, brings the viewers to the height of the Cold War, during World War II. In the beginning, the movie is set in communist Russia, but it soon advances to democratic America. The Russians thought poorly of Americans, and constantly referred to them a...

Alexander Kerensky, the leader of the provisional government of Russia in 1917. Alexander Kerensky neglected the wishes of the Russian people as well as the power of the Bolshevik party and therefore put an end to democracy in Russia and allowed his government to be overthrown.In March 1917 discont...

Causes of the Russian Revolution The Russian revolution was caused by the continual breakdown of the governments in Russia and the incompetency and authoritarian views of it's czars. Their failures as leaders included policies that neither pleased nor benefitted the people. By the end of the n...

1. The most intense event in terms of national interest is obviously the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center and Pentagon. There are several explanations that place this event on top of the list. First of all, this is the first significant attack on US soil. All the other conflicts that the US h...

Final PaperPersonal struggles, we all have them. Some have them more than others. In the partly autobiographical novel "Jews Without Money", By Michael Gold, He depicts how the Jews struggled to make ends meet. His life was not easy growing up. Gold and his brothers were forced by poverty to ge...

Europe will never be like America. Europe is a product of history. America is a product of philosophy. Margaret Thatcher (1925 - ) In the year nineteen hundred, the center of world power inarguablyresided in Europe. In fact, f...

Darkness at NoonDarkness at Noon is a fictional novel written by Arthur Koestler that stands as a portrayal of the nightmare politics during the twentieth century. The setting stands in the tumultuous Soviet Union in the 1930's. Rubashov, the main character, is imprisoned and psychologically torture...

The early 20th century saw the development of the totalitarian formof government and society. This form of government appeared after WorldWar I and remained for nearly 70 years. Two of the most brutaltotalitarian regimes took place in Germany under Adolph Hitler and theSoviet Union and the c...

HitlerWe all know Hitler was a powerful leader and discriminated against the Jewish, but there were other things that people never knew about him. He never had a sense of belonging, and now being the most powerful man in Germany, he was in control. Shortly after Hitler's trial for treason, there was...